NCLEX RN – Basic Care and Comfort

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NCLEX RN – Basic Care and Comfort

NCLEX RN

The “Basic Care and Comfort” section of the NCLEX-RN exam falls under the broader category of Physiological Integrity. This section evaluates your ability to provide essential care and support to patients in their daily living activities, ensuring their comfort and well-being. Here are some key areas covered in this section:

  1. Assistive Devices: Assessing the need for and providing instructions on the use of devices like walkers, canes, crutches, hearing aids, and more. Ensuring patients can use these devices safely and effectively.
  2. Nutrition and Oral Hydration: Understanding the nutritional needs of patients and ensuring they receive adequate hydration and nutrition.
  3. Mobility/Immobility: Evaluating a patient’s mobility status and providing necessary support to prevent complications like pressure ulcers.
  4. Rest and Sleep: Educating patients on the importance of rest and sleep for recovery and overall health.
  5. Elimination: Assisting patients with their elimination needs, including bowel and bladder care.
  6. Personal Hygiene: Helping patients maintain personal hygiene to prevent infections and promote comfort.
  7. Non-Pharmacological Comfort Interventions: Using alternative methods for pain management, such as meditation, deep breathing, music, heat/cold packs, or herbal remedies.

These questions test your ability to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care that promotes the physical and emotional well-being of patients. They require a thorough understanding of nursing principles and the ability to apply them in various clinical scenarios.

Let’s now take the Quiz below. Press “Let’s Play” Button and wait for your score:

  • Question of

    A patient with limited mobility is at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate to prevent this complication?

    • Encourage the patient to sit in a chair for long periods.
    • Reposition the patient every 2 hours.
    • Use a donut-shaped cushion under the patient’s buttocks.
    • Apply a heating pad to the patient’s back.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Frequent repositioning helps to relieve pressure on vulnerable areas and promotes circulation, reducing the risk of pressure ulcers.

  • Question of

    A patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has stage 3 pitting edema in her lower legs and feet. What autonomous nursing action should you take?

    • Administer diuretics as prescribed by the physician.
    • Apply cold compresses to the affected areas.
    • Restrict the patient’s fluid intake.
    • Elevate the patient’s legs above heart level.
    • Encourage tight footwear to decrease swelling in her feet.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Elevating the patient's legs above heart level helps promote venous return and reduce swelling in the lower extremities. This is an autonomous nursing action that can be taken without a physician's order. Administering diuretics and restricting fluid intake require a physician's prescription, and applying cold compresses is not the most effective intervention for reducing edema in this case

  • Question of

    A patient who has restraint orders necessary for their safety must:

    • Be provided diapers in case of incontinent episodes.
    • Be released, repositioned, ambulated, and taken to the bathroom at least every 4 hours.
    • Be kept in bedclothes as they are more comfortable when restraints are necessary.
    • Be released every two hours and repositioned.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Regularly releasing and repositioning the patient helps prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and promotes comfort and safety.

  • Question of

    A diabetic protects against ketoacidosis by:

    • Checking blood sugar four times a day.
    • Limiting food intake.
    • Checking blood sugar two times a day.
    • Checking for ketones in the urine.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Frequent blood sugar monitoring helps detect and manage hyperglycemia, reducing the risk of ketoacidosis.

  • Question of

    Therapeutic massage helps relieve stress and:

    • Increases circulation and improves muscle tone.
    • Assists the healing process in damaged tissue.
    • Requires a physician’s order.
    • Improves memory.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Therapeutic massage enhances blood flow, which can improve muscle tone and overall relaxation.

  • Question of

    What medication can be given IV to decrease dysrhythmias by reducing irritability in the heart cells?

    • Potassium.
    • Lidocaine.
    • Digitalis.
    • Procardia.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication that helps stabilize the cardiac membrane and reduce irritability in heart cells.

  • Question of

    A patient with limited mobility needs assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs). Which of the following is NOT a benefit of performing ADLs?

    • Self-esteem.
    • Physical abilities.
    • Communication.
    • Mental acuity.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: While ADLs can improve self-esteem, physical abilities, and mental acuity, they do not directly enhance communication skills.

  • Question of

    A stage one decubitus ulcer will require all of the following except:

    • More frequent repositioning.
    • Positioning that avoids the affected area.
    • Keeping the area clean and dry.
    • Scheduled massages to the affected site.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Massaging the affected area can worsen the condition by causing further damage to the tissue.

  • Question of

    A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing difficulty breathing. Which of the following positions is most appropriate to improve their breathing?

    • High Fowler’s position.
    • Supine position.
    • Trendelenburg position.
    • Prone position.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: High Fowler's position helps expand the lungs and improve ventilation, making it easier for the patient to breathe.

  • Question of

    A patient with a urinary catheter is at risk for developing a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following interventions is most appropriate to prevent this complication?

    • Irrigate the catheter daily.
    • Change the catheter every 24 hours.
    • Ensure the catheter is properly secured.
    • Limit fluid intake.

    Correct Wrong

    Explanation: Properly securing the catheter helps prevent trauma and irritation, reducing the risk of infection.

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