Reading Mention Practice

Polar bears are being increasingly threatened by the effects of climate change, but their disappearance could have far-reaching consequences. They are uniquely adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle, where temperatures can reach -40°C. One reason for this is that they have up to 11 centimetres of fat underneath their skin. Humans with comparative levels of adipose tissue would be considered obese and would be likely to suffer from diabetes and heart disease. Yet the polar bear experiences no such consequences. 

Say which of the statements are mentioned / not mentioned according to the paragraph:

1. It is nothing very new that polar bears are under threat.
2. In another way, polar bears contribute to the present climate changes. 
3. Climate is a threat to some kinds of polar bears. 
4. Scientists are in agreement that the disappearance of polar bears will have far-reaching consequences. 
5. It is important to save polar bears.
6. Polar bears cannot survive outside the Arctic Circle.
7. Polar bears are the only 
8. No other animal can survive in the Arctic Circle as best as polar bears.
9. The lowest temperature in the Arctic Circle is around 40°C. 
10. Polar bears have a fur thickness of 11 centimetres. 
11. A polar bear’s skin is very thin.
12. Adipose tissue in the human body is also 11 centimetres. 
13. Polar bears with high adipose tissue do not develop diabetes as humans do.
14. High adipose tissue leads to obesity, diabetes and heart disease.

A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues sheds light on this mystery. They compared the genetic structure of polar bears with that of their closest relatives from a warmer climate, the brown bears. This allowed them to determine the genes that have allowed polar bears to survive in one of the toughest environments on Earth. Liu and his colleagues found the polar bears had a gene known as APoB, which reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)-a form of 'bad' cholesterol. In humans, mutations of this gene are associated with increased risk of heart disease. Polar bears may therefore be an important study model to understand heart disease in humans. 

Say which of the statements are mentioned / not mentioned according to the paragraph:

1. A 2014 study by Shi Ping Liu and colleagues supports that polar bears are on the verge of extinction.
2. The polar bear’s ability to survive the extreme temperatures is a less known fact. 
3. Polar bears and brown bears are found in the Arctic regions.
4. Brown bears and polar bears share similar patterns of fat under the skin.
5. Brown bears are the only species of bears that share all the genetic features of polar bears.
6. The Arctic has the toughest environment on the earth.
7. Low-density lipoproteins are reduced by APoB.
8. Modified APoB genes increase the risk of heart disease in humans. 
9. Both polar bears and humans have the gene APoB.
10. Polar bears are an important study model to understand heart disease in humans.